The Ethereum community is expressing concerns about the fragmentation of layer-2 scaling solutions, which has led to a fragmented ecosystem of layer-2 networks that struggle to communicate with each other. The debate centers around the use of centralized sequencers, which introduce a single point of failure and raise concerns about censorship and reliability. In response, some Ethereum developers are proposing a new approach called "based rollups," which shift execution duties back to Ethereum's layer-1, using Ethereum's built-in sequencing rather than a centralized sequencer. Based rollups allow for instant interaction between different based rollups and improve communication and composability between layer-2s. However, there are still technical challenges to overcome, such as aligning proof generation speeds with Ethereum's block time. Additionally, the role of layer-1 proposers in based rollups raises concerns about fairness and the potential for manipulation of transactions. Based rollups are seen as part of the solution to reduce fragmentation between layer-2s, but not the only solution.



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