The United States Department of the Treasury is the federal government’s executive department responsible for numerous economic activities,. Among these responsibilities are the management of federal finances, the collection of taxes, and the issuance of debt. The department traces its roots to 1789, when it was created by an act of Congress to manage all federal finances. In its role as an executive department, the Treasury is also responsible for enforcing financial and tax laws, which it does in part through the Internal Revenue Service. The Treasury also issues Treasury Bonds, which are considered to be among the safest and most liquid securities on the market.

Under the direction of the president and the secretary, the Treasury is responsible for managing the public debt and the U.S. budget. It also issues national currencies, advises the president on economic matters, and works to promote economic growth and government trust in the financial system. Other responsibilities of the Treasury include providing financial services for the public and managing government accounts.

Janet Yellen currently holds the position of secretary of the Treasury. She is the first woman to have held either treasury secretary or Federal Reserve position. Yellen is an economist and public policy analyst who served as the chair of the Federal Reserve from 2014 to 2018. In her role as secretary of the Treasury, she is responsible for leading the department, with assistance from a range of executives and top advisors. She is also responsible for overseeing the stability of the financial system, protecting of the US economy, and advocating for US economic interests around the globe.