Racketeering is a type of white-collar crime that generally involves the use of sophisticated methods and illegal activities for financial gain. It is a broad term including many types of criminal activities such as bribery, money laundering, embezzlement, fraud, extortion, and many other illegal activities. The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) was introduced in the United States in October 1970 to combat organized crime and contains punishments for racketeering and other criminal activities conducted as part of an organization. Under the RICO Act, a person or organization can be convicted of racketeering if they have committed or aided in any of the listed activities that fall under the federal laws of racketeering and have gotten a profit from it.

In the United States, state laws vary, but many states have created their own versions of the RICO Act which allow for the prosecution of businesses engaging in racketeering. These state laws contain punishments to those who have engaged in illicit activities intended to generate income for an organization. A few examples of these state laws are the Colorado Organized Reflectivity Crimes Act (CORCA) and the California Penal Code. In some cases, states can also cooperate with the federal government to investigate and prosecute a racketeering case.

Racketeering activities can vary from petty frauds to major corporate corruption. The most common scheme is the "protection racket" which involves demanding a refund from a company in exchange for protection from physical harm or destruction of property. Another type of racketeering is the "loan-sharking" which is the illegal lending of money with excessive interest rates and fees demanded by the lender. Money laundering is another type of racketeering primarily used by organized crime and is the practice of disguising the origins of illegally-gained money by running it through a complex series of bank transactions or investments to make it appear legal.

As these crimes are so diverse, the severity of the punishment depends on the type of racketeering, the amount of money involved, the level of planning and sophistication of the crime, the level of violence and the ability of those involved to cover up the illegal activities. For example, those found guilty of federal racketeering crimes may face up to 20 years' imprisonment and fines of up to $250,000. Prosecution in state cases can lead to sentences of varying lengths, including prison time and fines.

Organized crime is typically associated with racketeering as criminal organizations use the profits from their illegal activities to fund more criminal activity. The RICO Act has been very successful at prosecuting those involved in racketeering and has led to numerous convictions of key figures in organized crime rings.

Racketeering remains a major concern for governments around the world. It is important for individuals and companies to be aware of the potential for racketeering and take steps to protect themselves against it. This includes knowing who they are doing business with, being aware of the suspicious signs and making sure to report any suspicious activities to the authorities. Educating people and businesses about the dangers of racketeering and the use of the RICO Act to prosecute those responsible is essential in the fight against this crime.