Vitalik Buterin, co-founder of Ethereum, has released an article titled "Possible Futures of the Ethereum Protocol, Part 3: The Scourge" in which he addresses the risks of centralization in Ethereum's Proof-of-Stake (PoS) system. Buterin argues that the current staking model, which requires a minimum of 32 ETH and significant hardware, could marginalize smaller stakeholders and lead to dominance by larger players. To address this, Buterin proposes a revision of the block production process to distribute responsibilities more evenly among stakers. He suggests decentralizing transaction selection and introducing mechanisms like Multiple Concurrent Proposers (MCP) and BRAID to lower entry barriers and reduce dominance. Buterin also proposes adjusting Ethereum's issuance curve to discourage excessive staking and prevent excessive control over the network.



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