Transaction privacy is a crucial issue within the crypto ecosystem that has been largely overlooked. Every day, sophisticated bots exploit the transparency of public blockchains to engage in front-running and sandwich attacks, systematically stealing billions from regular users. This malicious extraction of value undermines the fairness and accountability of blockchain systems. Traditional solutions, such as centralized intermediaries or private transaction channels, fail to address the core problem. Instead, advanced cryptography, specifically threshold encryption systems, can provide a solution. By encrypting transactions in the mempool using a collaborative key generated by the network's participants, transaction details remain hidden until their position in a block is finalized. This approach ensures equal treatment for all users and eliminates information advantages. The industry is also exploring more advanced solutions, such as threshold Fully Homomorphic Encryption and Indistinguishability Obfuscation, which could revolutionize blockchain computation while preserving privacy. Ultimately, the goal is to restore fairness and privacy in blockchain systems by embracing privacy as a fundamental characteristic of the technology.



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