Risk-return tradeoff is a fundamental principle of investment that states that higher risks are associated with higher potential returns. When investors decide to make an investment, their choice is based on the balance between the likelihood of a higher return and the higher risk that must be taken to obtain it.

Fundamental to this principle is the concept of risk and reward. Risk refers to the uncertain, unfavorable events that could reduce the value of an investment. Reward, on the other hand, is the amount of money an investor could earn in the form of profits or dividends. Risk and reward are both measured on a spectrum, with higher risks associated with higher potential returns and vice versa.

When it comes to making investment decisions, investors must consider both the potential upside of a risky investment and the potential downside. They must also assess their individual risk tolerance. For example, an investor who is more risk-averse may opt for a lower reward investment with lower volatility. On the other hand, an investor who is more risk-tolerant may invest in higher risk assets that have higher returns.

In addition to risk and reward, investors must also take into account other factors when calculating the appropriate risk-return tradeoff. These include liquidity – can the investor easily sell their investment if needed? – yield – how much return can the investor expect? – and the potential to replace any lost funds.

By taking the time to understand their individual risk profile, investors can calculate the appropriate risk-return tradeoff for any given asset or portfolio. When done properly, this allows investors to balance the potential for higher returns with the higher risk associated with such investments.