A Research Analyst is a specialized financial professional who evaluates the performance of securities or assets for the purpose of producing investigative reports that can be used in-house or by clients. They provide investment advice and assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and trends in individual securities and investments.

Research analysts serve a critical role in the investment and capital markets, by providing invaluable insight into companies, industries and markets that investors may not otherwise have access to. Their advice can help investors and executives make informed decisions to maximize the value of their investments.

Research analysts can work either on the buy-side or sell-side of the investment market. Buy-side analysts work for institutions such as mutual funds, pension funds, hedge funds, and other institutional investors. They research securities and make “buy”, “sell”, or “hold” recommendations to their clients, who are typically investment decision makers. Sell-side analysts typically work for investment banks and research firms. Their clients are largely institutional investors, such as mutual funds, hedge funds and other investment companies.

Generally speaking, research analysts focus on one or two types of securities or assets. This could include stocks, bonds, commodities, foreign exchange, or any other type of security. Analysts assess the performance of the security and create reports that include, but are not limited to, the company's financial information, industry trends, as well as macroeconomic and geopolitical conditions.

Research analysts heavily rely on their ability to read, process and interpret data. Analysts must also develop an expertise in the security or asset being analyzed; this is achieved by conducting research and understanding the underlying business, technology, and economic environment of the investment.

Given the complexity of their job, research analysts often face difficult decisions and must make judgements based on incomplete or conflicting information. Research analysts must also be able to effectively communicate and present their findings in a concise and compelling manner. Professionalism and integrity are essential, as research analysts are trusted by important clients in the investment community.

In conclusion, research analysts play a critical role in the modern investment landscape, by providing valuable insights and advice that can help investors, hedge funds and other large investors make the most informed decision possible. As such, research analysts must possess the necessary expertise and skills to be able to evaluate securities and investments effectively and accurately.