A notice of assessment (NOA) is one of the most important documents a taxpayer might receive in Canada. It serves as an official notification of the amount of taxes owed – and any corrections or updates made to the estimated amount – for a given year. Furthermore, the NOA may indicate that the taxpayer has been selected for a potential audit.

NOAs are generated by the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA), and can be requested by businesses and individuals who have filed taxes in the specific year. To secure a copy, claimants must submit their Social Insurance Number, date of birth and mailing address. Tax filers will receive their Notice of Assessment in the mail or online; self-employed and individuals who filed online will be able to access the document in their CRA accounts.

When reviewing a Notice of Assessment, taxpayers should evaluate the accuracy of the information present. Tax filers have 90 days from the date printed on the form to object or make changes to any of the information included with the NOA. Colloquially called a Notice of Reassessment, the document or additional information can be submitted in the following ways:

- Through the “Objections” option available in the CRA account of business owners or self-employed filers.

- Via a T400A form (Objection – Income Tax Act) downloaded from the CRA website, which should be mailed to the appropriate Tax Centre.

- By calling a specialized CRA agent to discuss the problem.

Taxpayers should keep in mind that an NOA will still show the original estimated amount, which may eventually be adjusted after the objections or amendments are formally assessed. Furthermore, the CRA may select an individual or company for a tax audit when an NOA is received. The audit is usually performed to verify if the taxpayer paid their owed taxes correctly and verify or dismiss any objections or amendments claims.

Ultimately, taxpayers should review their NOA as soon as possible in order to properly understand the amount of taxes owed – as well as any changes or corrections that need to be made. Furthermore, taxpayers should pay close attention to the document to avoid being caught in a tax audit.