The term "new paradigm" is used to describe any new or innovative approach to solving a problem, or in investing terms, a new way of making money. The term is an era-defining one; it has come to stand for exponential economic growth and revolutionary new ideas that have the potential to redefine an industry.

A new paradigm often creates an environment of excitement and anticipation among both investors and entrepreneurs, who seek to capitalize on the potential of these new ideas and technologies. But, while this potential may be appealing, there is also potential for a new paradigm to become overhyped, leading to increased competition, greater price volatility, and significant risks to investors.

In the stock world, new paradigms typically involve new technologies, products, or services that turn conventional wisdom and expectations on their head. For example, in 1998, the emergence of the internet led to the formation of the so-called dot-com bubble. These dot-com companies had revolutionary products and services that sparked tremendous excitement and anticipation.

Investors eagerly sought out companies at the bleeding edge of this new technology, and as prices rose, speculative buying increased. As prices rose further, investors flocked to these stocks, driving prices even higher. An example of this can be seen in the case of Yahoo, which saw its share price spike from $34.38 in July 1998 to an all-time high of $237.50 in December 1999.

Dot-com companies may have promised exponential returns, but the reality was much different. Once the dot-com bubble burst in April 2000, many of these stocks lost up to 90 percent of their value. Dot-com companies weren't the only ones affected; many sectors of the stock markets were hit hard as investors began to realize the potential risks associated with new paradigms.

In the wake of this painful period of losses, investors are now more cautious when investing in new paradigms. They use more sophisticated techniques to evaluate potential investments, and they do extensive research to make sure they understand the risks. They are also aware of the potential for hype to take hold of newly-forming markets, allowing them to identify when prices may become too inflated.

The emergence of a new paradigm always creates anticipation and excitement, and potential profits can be made by those willing to take calculated risks. But there are also substantial risks associated with investing in new paradigms. Investors should tread carefully, using prudent research and risk-management strategies to ensure they can capitalize on the potential of these markets without exposing themselves to undue volatility and losses.