Interest rate floor contracts are a type of interest rate derivatives. These derivatives provide a guarantee to the lender of a loan or contract of a minimal rate of return (interest rate floor) regardless of the market rate. In other words, it works as an insurance policy that shields the lender from incurring losses due to the market rate being below the floor. This essentially encourages lenders to provide loans during times of low interest rates, because they are guaranteed to receive a certain amount of rate.

Interest rate floors are used to the benefit of lenders in a number of ways. They give lenders a sense of security, as they know they will be compensated at a certain rate, no matter what the market rate may be. This thus facilitates lenders to take on more risks in terms of providing loans. In addition, interest rate floors can be adjusted over time, allowing lenders to respond quickly to changing market conditions.

Interest rate floors also allow borrowers to protect themselves from rising interest rates. If the interest rate goes above the floor rate, the borrower will only be charged the lower rate – thus providing some degree of protection.

Interest rate floors may also be used as hedging tools by lenders and investors. A hedge is a financial instrument that helps manage the risk associated with changes in the rate of interest. By setting an interest rate floor, the lender or investor is protected if the rate of interest drops significantly, allowing them to take on greater risks.

Overall, interest rate floors are an important tool for both lenders and borrowers. They can be used to protect lenders from losses due to markets changing, as well as to provide some protection for borrowers if the interest rate unexpectedly rises. Furthermore, they can be adjusted as desired, making them a key part of managing financial risk.