Dependency Ratio is a key demographic indicator used to measure the ratio between those individuals classified as dependents, typically people over age 65, children under age 15 or people with disability, to those in the working-age population typically between the ages of 15 and 64. The ratio between the working-age population and the dependent population can provide an indication of economic strength, productivity and the burden of social services upon society.

In many industrialized countries the dependency ratio has been steadily increasing as life expectancy goes up and fertility rates decline. With a high dependency ratio, a small percentage of the population must provide for a large number of dependents. This ratio can have a large impact on the economy, as a large number of dependents requires a substantial amount of resources to be provided for their upkeep.

The dependency ratio is calculated by dividing the number of dependents by the number of people in the working-age population, and multiplying the answer by a factor of 100. For example, if the working-age population is 100 individuals, and there are 20 dependents, the dependency ratio is 20%.

The dependency ratio can provide valuable insight into the current, and likely future, economic situation of a region or nation. With an aging population, the relative size of the dependent population increases, and the working-age population may be unable to cope with the increased demands. This could lead to increased public expenditure on old age and health services, or other forms of welfare payments. Similarly, a high ratio of dependents could place a strain on the economy, reducing productivity and making it difficult to grow.

On the other hand, a lower dependency ratio may be beneficial for an economy as there is an increased number of able-bodied and willing workers. With a higher proportion of citizens in the working-age population, there are more people who are able to produce and consume, allowing for more economic growth. Additionally, the taxes imposed on these working-age individuals can be used to fund public services, reducing the burden on society.

Overall, the dependency ratio is a useful tool for understanding the structure of a population and the related economic implications. As societies age and populations continue to decrease, the ratio between the working-age population and dependents will be an important indicator of the nation’s economic health and well-being. By understanding how these demographic changes affect a nation’s social and economic health, governments can better create policies and plans to ensure the continued health of their economies.