M2
Candlefocus EditorAlthough M2 provides a strong indication of the money supply, it does not capture the full picture of the economy. The M2 number does not include large institutional cash deposits, or gold, which is a store of value, but not a currency. To capture these components, the M3, or “broad money” measure is used by central banks. The M3 includes M2 plus large institutional deposits and repurchasable assets such as certain government bonds. The M3 is generally reported quarterly.
The M2 and M3 money measures are important for central banks to use for keeping tabs on an economy. To ensure a stable currency and avoid runaway inflation, it is important for the money supply to remain steady and in good balance with the level of output. Too-fast growth in the money supply numbers can be a warning sign that the economy may be overheating and can lead to an increase in inflationary pressures. Similarly, a slow growth in the money supply can indicate an upcoming economic recession. Analysing the M2 and M3 money measures can provide valuable insights into the economic cycle, and help in the development of sound and effective economic policies.