Equity Method
Candlefocus EditorUnder the equity method, the value of the investment is initially recorded at its historical cost, but it is then adjusted in accordance with the proportion of net income, dividends, and losses the investor holds over the investee. This means that if the investee reports a net income, the investor will record an increase in the asset value on their balance sheet by the same proportion of the net income. Otherwise, if the investee experiences a loss or pays out dividends, the value of the asset held by the investor will be reduced in the same proportion—and this will be recorded on both the balance sheet as well as the investor’s income statement.
It is important to note that while the equity method is used alongside other accounting techniques such as the cost and fair value methods, the equity method is used only when the investor has the ability to influence the operations, financial reporting, financial and operating policies, or dividend policies of the investee. As with all accounting techniques, the equity method must be applied consistently over time in order to provide reliable data for investors and other stakeholders.
The equity method is also important for tax purposes, as it is used to calculate the equity of a company that has investments in other companies. Since the investor is able to influence the investee, the income or losses that the investee reports are attributed to the investor's equity in the investment, which may affect the tax liability of the investor.
Ultimately, the equity method is an important accounting tool that helps investors accurately value their investments in other companies. By recording their proportion of the investee's net income and losses as well as dividends, investors are able to gain a better understanding of the value of their investment and how they can better optimize their returns.